Handling and Storing Whole Blood Samples: Best Practices for Phlebotomy in the United States

Summary

• Ensuring proper handling and storage of whole blood samples is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the specimen for accurate Test Results.
• Following recommended protocols will help prevent contamination, clotting, and degradation of the sample, ensuring reliability and validity of Test Results.
• Proper documentation, labeling, and transportation of whole blood samples are also essential to ensure traceability and accountability throughout the testing process.

Introduction

Phlebotomy is a critical procedure in medical laboratories that involves the collection of blood samples for diagnostic testing. Proper handling and storage of whole blood samples are essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of Test Results. In this article, we will discuss the recommended protocols for handling and storing whole blood samples collected during phlebotomy procedures in a medical laboratory in the United States.

Handling Whole Blood Samples

1. Collection Process

During the phlebotomy procedure, it is vital to follow proper techniques to ensure a clean and successful blood draw. The following protocols should be observed:

1. Use sterile equipment, including needles, syringes, and collection tubes, to prevent contamination of the sample.
2. Properly identify the patient to ensure accurate labeling of the specimen.
3. Select an appropriate vein for blood collection and apply a Tourniquet to facilitate venous access.

2. Mixing and Handling

After the blood sample has been collected, it is important to handle it properly to prevent clotting and ensure the integrity of the specimen. The following steps should be followed:

1. Gently invert the collection tube to mix the blood with any Anticoagulant present in the tube.
2. Avoid shaking or agitating the sample vigorously to prevent hemolysis, which can affect Test Results.
3. Store the sample in an upright position to prevent leakage or contamination of the specimen.

Storing Whole Blood Samples

1. Temperature Control

Proper temperature control is vital in preserving the stability of whole blood samples. The following guidelines should be followed:

1. Store blood samples at the appropriate temperature specified for each test to prevent degradation of the specimen.
2. Refrigerate samples that require cold storage and maintain the temperature between 2-8 degrees Celsius.
3. Avoid freezing blood samples unless required for specific tests, as freezing can cause hemolysis and affect Test Results.

2. Labeling and Identification

Accurate labeling and identification of blood samples are crucial in ensuring traceability and accountability throughout the testing process. The following protocols should be observed:

1. Clearly label each sample with the patient's name, date of birth, medical record number, and collection date and time.
2. Include the phlebotomist's initials or unique identifier on the sample to track who collected the specimen.
3. Ensure that the labels are secure and legible to prevent misidentification or mix-ups of samples.

3. Documentation and Transport

Proper documentation and transportation of blood samples are essential to maintain the integrity of the specimen. The following steps should be followed:

1. Record all relevant information, including the type of test ordered, specimen source, and any special handling requirements.
2. Secure the samples in leak-proof containers for transport to the laboratory to prevent spillage or contamination during transit.
3. Follow established protocols for transporting blood samples, including using biohazard bags or containers as needed.

Conclusion

Following recommended protocols for handling and storing whole blood samples collected during phlebotomy procedures is essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of laboratory Test Results. By observing proper techniques for collection, mixing, storage, labeling, and transportation of blood samples, medical laboratories can maintain the integrity of the specimen and provide quality diagnostic testing for patients in the United States.

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