Preventing Hemolysis in Blood Specimens: Common Causes and Prevention Tips

Summary

• Hemolysis in blood specimens can be caused by various factors such as improper handling, incorrect collection techniques, and specimen storage issues.
• Common causes of hemolysis can include using an incorrect needle size, improper mixing of blood samples, and rough handling during the collection process.
• Proper training, adherence to guidelines, and using high-quality equipment are essential in preventing hemolysis and ensuring accurate laboratory Test Results.

Introduction

When blood specimens are collected for laboratory testing, it is crucial that they are handled properly to ensure accurate and reliable results. Hemolysis, the breakdown of red blood cells, is a common issue that can occur during the collection process and can significantly impact the quality of the specimen. In this blog post, we will explore some common causes of hemolysis in blood specimens collected for laboratory testing in the United States.

Improper Handling and Collection Techniques

One of the primary causes of hemolysis in blood specimens is improper handling and collection techniques. This can include the following factors:

1. Using an incorrect needle size: Using a needle that is too small can cause hemolysis as the blood cells are forced through a narrow opening. On the other hand, using a needle that is too large can cause excessive trauma to the blood vessels, leading to hemolysis.
2. Incorrect mixing of blood samples: When collecting blood samples, it is essential to mix the tubes gently to prevent hemolysis. Vigorous shaking or mixing can cause the blood cells to rupture, leading to hemolysis.
3. Rough handling during the collection process: Rough handling of blood samples, such as dropping or shaking the tubes, can cause the blood cells to break down and release hemoglobin, resulting in hemolysis.

Specimen Storage Issues

In addition to improper handling and collection techniques, specimen storage issues can also contribute to hemolysis in blood specimens. Some common causes include:

1. Incorrect temperature: Blood samples should be stored at the correct temperature to prevent hemolysis. Temperature fluctuations can cause the red blood cells to break down and release hemoglobin, leading to hemolysis.
2. Exposure to light: Exposure to light can also cause hemolysis in blood specimens. Ultraviolet light, in particular, can lead to the breakdown of red blood cells, resulting in hemolysis.
3. Improper transportation: Blood specimens should be transported carefully to prevent hemolysis. Rough handling during transportation can cause the blood cells to rupture, leading to hemolysis.

Prevention of Hemolysis

Preventing hemolysis in blood specimens is essential to ensure the accuracy and reliability of laboratory Test Results. Some steps that can be taken to prevent hemolysis include:

1. Proper training: Phlebotomists and laboratory technicians should receive proper training on collection techniques and handling procedures to prevent hemolysis.
2. Adherence to guidelines: Following established guidelines for specimen collection, handling, and storage is crucial in preventing hemolysis.
3. High-quality equipment: Using high-quality needles, tubes, and other equipment can help prevent hemolysis and ensure the integrity of blood specimens.

Conclusion

Hemolysis in blood specimens can significantly impact the quality of laboratory Test Results. By understanding the common causes of hemolysis and taking steps to prevent it, phlebotomists and laboratory technicians can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the specimens they collect and handle. Proper training, adherence to guidelines, and the use of high-quality equipment are essential in preventing hemolysis and ensuring accurate laboratory Test Results in the United States.

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